diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp
index 221c7c13d..788c77cf8 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsDynamicHttpConn::do_proxy(ISrsHttpResponseReader* rr, SrsFlvDecod
     srs_freep(sdk);
     
     int64_t cto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_TMMS;
-    int64_t sto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS;
+    int64_t sto = srsu2ms(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE);
     sdk = new SrsSimpleRtmpClient(output, cto, sto);
     
     if ((err = sdk->connect()) != srs_success) {
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp
index e3fb117cf..74ae5b156 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_edge.cpp
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsEdgeRtmpUpstream::connect(SrsRequest* r, SrsLbRoundRobin* lb)
     
     srs_freep(sdk);
     int64_t cto = srsu2ms(SRS_EDGE_INGESTER_TMMS);
-    int64_t sto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS;
+    int64_t sto = srsu2ms(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE);
     sdk = new SrsSimpleRtmpClient(url, cto, sto);
     
     if ((err = sdk->connect()) != srs_success) {
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsEdgeForwarder::do_cycle()
 {
     srs_error_t err = srs_success;
     
-    sdk->set_recv_timeout(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS);
+    sdk->set_recv_timeout(srsu2ms(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE));
     
     SrsPithyPrint* pprint = SrsPithyPrint::create_edge();
     SrsAutoFree(SrsPithyPrint, pprint);
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp
index 67dd889ed..cc1e20734 100755
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_forward.cpp
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsForwarder::forward()
 {
     srs_error_t err = srs_success;
     
-    sdk->set_recv_timeout(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS);
+    sdk->set_recv_timeout(srsu2ms(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE));
     
     SrsPithyPrint* pprint = SrsPithyPrint::create_forwarder();
     SrsAutoFree(SrsPithyPrint, pprint);
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_stream.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_stream.cpp
index 605d9ce61..99ef37494 100755
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_stream.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_stream.cpp
@@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ srs_error_t SrsBufferCache::cycle()
         }
         
         if (count <= 0) {
-            srs_info("http: sleep %dms for no msg", SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS);
+            srs_info("http: sleep %dms for no msg", srsu2msi(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE));
             // directly use sleep, donot use consumer wait.
-            srs_usleep(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS * SRS_UTIME_MILLISECONDS);
+            srs_usleep(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE);
             
             // ignore when nothing got.
             continue;
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsBufferCache::cycle()
         
         if (pprint->can_print()) {
             srs_trace("-> " SRS_CONSTS_LOG_HTTP_STREAM_CACHE " http: got %d msgs, age=%d, min=%d, mw=%d",
-                      count, pprint->age(), SRS_PERF_MW_MIN_MSGS, SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS);
+                      count, pprint->age(), SRS_PERF_MW_MIN_MSGS, srsu2msi(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE));
         }
         
         // free the messages.
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp
index 94ba2d5f5..b0de52b07 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsMpegtsOverUdp::connect()
     }
     
     int64_t cto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_TMMS;
-    int64_t sto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS;
+    int64_t sto = srsu2ms(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE);
     sdk = new SrsSimpleRtmpClient(output, cto, sto);
     
     if ((err = sdk->connect()) != srs_success) {
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp
index 8641867d0..f71ae3ca4 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsRtspConn::connect()
     
     // connect host.
     int64_t cto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_TMMS;
-    int64_t sto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS;
+    int64_t sto = srsu2ms(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE);
     sdk = new SrsSimpleRtmpClient(url, cto, sto);
     
     if ((err = sdk->connect()) != srs_success) {
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp
index a48976fad..f38266c36 100755
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.cpp
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ srs_error_t SrsConsumer::dump_packets(SrsMessageArray* msgs, int& count)
 void SrsConsumer::wait(int nb_msgs, srs_utime_t msgs_duration)
 {
     if (paused) {
-        srs_usleep(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS * 1000);
+        srs_usleep(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE);
         return;
     }
     
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_consts.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_consts.hpp
index 15a40aa45..3cc830d6c 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_consts.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_consts.hpp
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
 // if timeout, we generally ignore and send the data to client,
 // generally, it's the pulse time for data seding.
 // @remark, recomment to 500ms.
-#define SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS (500)
+#define SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE (500 * SRS_UTIME_MILLISECONDS)
 
 /**
  * max rtmp header size:
diff --git a/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp b/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp
index 77a7a0036..5a21e742d 100644
--- a/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp
@@ -1277,7 +1277,7 @@ int SrsIngestHlsOutput::connect()
     
     // connect host.
     int64_t cto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_TMMS;
-    int64_t sto = SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE_TMMS;
+    int64_t sto = srsu2ms(SRS_CONSTS_RTMP_PULSE);
     sdk = new SrsBasicRtmpClient(url, cto, sto);
     
     if ((err = sdk->connect()) != srs_success) {